A traumatic tongue injury occurs when the tongue is damaged by accidental biting, sharp or broken teeth, dental restorations, orthodontic appliances, sports injuries, or other forms of physical trauma. Because the tongue contains many blood vessels and is constantly moving during speaking, swallowing, and chewing, even a small wound can become painful or bleed noticeably.

Most minor tongue injuries heal without surgery. However, deep cuts, uncontrolled bleeding, increasing swelling, and wounds that fail to heal require professional assessment.